SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
what is sustainable development goals
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030.
The 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to transform our world:
GOAL 1: No Poverty
GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
GOAL 4: Quality Education
GOAL 5: Gender Equality
GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
GOAL 13: Climate Action
GOAL 14: Life Below Water
GOAL 15: Life on Land
GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
GOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal
END EXTREME POVERTY IN ALL FORMS BY 2030.
Yes, it’s an ambitious goal—but we believe it can be done. In 2000, the
world committed to halving the number of people living in extreme
poverty by the year 2015 and we met this goal. However, more than
800 million people around the world still live on less than $1.25 a day—
that’s about the equivalent of the entire population of Europe living in
extreme poverty. Now it’s time to build on what we learned and end
poverty altogether.
ENSURE HEALTHY LIVES AND PROMOTE
WELL-BEING FOR ALL AT ALL AGES
We all know how important it is to be in good health. Our health affects
everything from how much we enjoy life to what work we can perform.
That’s why there’s a Goal to make sure everyone has health coverage
and access to safe and effective medicines and vaccines. In the 25
years before the SDGs, we made big strides—preventable child deaths
dropped by more than half, and maternal mortality went down by
almost as much. And yet some other numbers remain tragically high, like
the fact that 6 million children die every year before their fifth birthday,
or that AIDS is the leading cause of death for adolescents in sub-Saharan
Africa. We have the means to turn that around and make good health
more than just a wish.
ENSURE INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE QUALITY
EDUCATION AND PROMOTE LIFELONG
LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL
First, the bad news on education. Poverty, armed conflict and other
emergencies keep many, many kids around the world out of school. In
fact, kids from the poorest households are four times more likely to be
out of school than those of the richest households. Now for some good
news. Since 2000, there has been enormous progress on the goal to
provide primary education to all children worldwide: the total enrolment
rate in developing regions has reached 91%. By measures in any school,
that’s a good grade. Now, let’s get an even better grade for all kids,
and achieve the goal of universal primary and secondary education,
affordable vocational training, access to higher education and more.
ACHIEVE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER ALL WOMEN AND GIRLS
We can celebrate the great progress the world has made in becoming
more prosperous and fair. But there’s a shadow to the celebration. In
just about every way, women and girls lag behind. There are still gross
inequalities in work and wages, lots of unpaid “women’s work” such as
child care and domestic work, and discrimination in public decisionmaking. But there are grounds for hope. More girls are in school now
compared to in 2000. Most regions have reached gender parity in
primary education. The percentage of women getting paid for their work
is on the rise. The Sustainable Development Goals aim to build on these
achievements to ensure that there is an end to discrimination against
women and girls everywhere.
ENSURE AVAILABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT OF WATER AND SANITATION
FOR ALL
Everyone on earth should have access to safe and affordable drinking
water. That’s the goal for 2030. While many people take clean drinking
water and sanitation for granted, many others don’t. Water scarcity
affects more than 40 percent of people around the world, and that
number is projected to go even higher as a result of climate change.
If we continue the path we’re on, by 2050 at least one in four people
are likely to be affected by recurring water shortages. But we can take
a new path—more international cooperation, protecting wetlands
and rivers, sharing water-treatment technologies—that leads to
accomplishing this Goal.
ENSURE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE, RELIABLE,
SUSTAINABLE AND MODERN ENERGY FOR
ALL
Between 1990 and 2010, the number of people with access to electricity
increased by 1.7 billion. That’s progress to be proud of. And yet as the
world’s population continues to rise, still more people will need cheap
energy to light their homes and streets, use phones and computers,
and do their everyday business. How we get that energy is at issue; fossil
fuels and greenhouse gas emissions are making drastic changes in the
climate, leading to big problems on every continent. Instead, we can
become more energy-efficient and invest in clean energy sources such
as solar and wind. That way we’ll meet electricity needs and protect the
environment. How’s that for a balancing act?
PROMOTE SUSTAINED, INCLUSIVE AND
SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH, FULL
AND PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT AND
DECENT WORK FOR ALL
An important part of economic growth is that people have jobs that
pay enough to support themselves and their families. The good news
is that the middle class is growing worldwide—almost tripling in size
in developing countries in the last 25 years, to more than a third of the
population. But today, job growth is not keeping pace with the growing
labour force. Things don’t have to be that way. We can promote policies
that encourage entrepreneurship and job creation. We can eradicate
forced labour, slavery and human trafficking. And in the end we can
achieve the goal of decent work for all women and men by 2030.
BUILD RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE,
PROMOTE INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND FOSTER
INNOVATION
Technological progress helps us address big global challenges such as
creating jobs and becoming more energy efficient. For example, the
world is becoming ever more interconnected and prosperous thanks to
the internet. The more connected we are, the more we can all benefit
from the wisdom and contributions of people everywhere on earth. And
yet four billion people have no way of getting online, the vast majority
of them in developing countries. The more we invest in innovation
and infrastructure, the better off we’ll all be. Bridging the digital divide,
promoting sustainable industries, and investing in scientific research and
innovation are all important ways to facilitate sustainable development.
REDUCE INEQUALITY WITHIN AND AMONG
COUNTRIES
It’s an old story: the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer. The divide
has never been starker. We can and must adopt policies that create
opportunity for everyone, regardless of who they are or where they
come from. Income inequality is a global problem that requires global
solutions. That means improving the regulation of financial markets
and institutions, sending development aid where it is most needed
and helping people migrate safely so they can pursue opportunities.
Together, we can now change the direction of the old story of inequality.
MAKE CITIES AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
INCLUSIVE, SAFE, RESILIENT AND
SUSTAINABLE
If you’re like most people, you live in a city. More than half the world’s
population now lives in cities, and that figure will go to about two-thirds
of humanity by the year 2050. Cities are getting bigger. In 1990 there
were ten “mega-cities” with 10 million inhabitants or more. In 2014, there
were 28 mega-cities, home to 453 million people. Incredible, huh? A lot
of people love cities; they’re centers of culture and business and life. The
thing is, they’re also often centers of extreme poverty. To make cities
sustainable for all, we can create good, affordable public housing. We
can upgrade slum settlements. We can invest in public transport, create
green spaces, and get a broader range of people involved in urban
planning decisions. That way, we can keep the things we love about
cities, and change the things we don’t.
ENSURE SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND
PRODUCTION PATTERNS
Some people use a lot of stuff, and some people use very little—in fact,
a big share of the world population is consuming too little to meet even
their basic needs. Instead, we can have a world where everybody gets
what they need to survive and thrive. And we can consume in a way
that preserves our natural resources so that our children can enjoy them,
and their children and their children after that. The hard part is how to
achieve that goal. We can manage our natural resources more efficiently
and dispose of toxic waste better. Cut per capita food waste in half
globally. Get businesses and consumers to reduce and recycle waste.
And help countries that have typically not consumed a lot to move
towards more responsible consumption patterns.
TAKE URGENT ACTION TO COMBAT CLIMATE
CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS
Every country in the world is seeing the drastic effects of climate
change, some more than others. On average, the annual losses just
from earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones and flooding count in the
hundreds of billions of dollars. We can reduce the loss of life and property
by helping more vulnerable regions—such as land-locked countries
and island states—become more resilient. It is still possible, with the
political will and technological measures, to limit the increase in global
mean temperature to two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels—
and thus avoid the worst effects of climate change. The Sustainable
Development Goals lay out a way for countries to work together to meet
this urgent challenge.
CONSERVE AND SUSTAINABLY USE THE
OCEANS, SEAS AND MARINE RESOURCES
FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The oceans make human life possible. Their temperature, their chemistry,
their currents, their life forms. For one thing, more than 3 billion people
depend on marine and coastal diversity for their livelihoods. But today
we are seeing nearly a third of the world’s fish stocks overexploited.
That’s not a sustainable way of life. Even people who live nowhere near
the ocean can’t live without it. Oceans absorb about 30 percent of the
carbon dioxide that humans produce; but we’re producing more carbon
dioxide than ever before and that makes the oceans more acidic—26%
more, since the start of the industrial revolution. Our trash doesn’t help
either—13,000 pieces of plastic litter on every square kilometer of ocean.
Sounds bad, right? Don’t despair! The Sustainable Development Goals
indicate targets for managing and protecting life below water.
PROTECT, RESTORE AND PROMOTE
SUSTAINABLE USE OF TERRESTRIAL
ECOSYSTEMS, SUSTAINABLY MANAGE
FORESTS, COMBAT DESERTIFICATION, AND
HALT AND REVERSE LAND DEGRADATION
AND HALT BIODIVERSITY LOSS
Humans and other animals rely on other forms of life on land for food,
clean air, clean water, and as a means of combatting climate change.
Plant life makes up 80% of the human diet. Forests, which cover 30%
of the Earth’s surface, help keep the air and water clean and the Earth’s
climate in balance. That’s not to mention they’re home to millions of
animal species. But the land and life on it are in trouble. Arable land
is disappearing 30 to 35 times faster than it has historically. Deserts
are spreading. Animal breeds are going extinct. We can turn these
trends around. Fortunately, the Sustainable Development Goals aim to
conserve and restore the use of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests,
wetlands, drylands and mountains by 2030.
PROMOTE PEACEFUL AND INCLUSIVE
SOCIETIES FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT, PROVIDE ACCESS TO
JUSTICE FOR ALL AND BUILD EFFECTIVE,
ACCOUNTABLE AND INCLUSIVE
INSTITUTIONS AT ALL LEVELS
How can a country develop—how can people eat and teach and learn
and work and raise families—without peace? And how can a country
have peace without justice, without human rights, without government
based on the rule of law? Some parts of the world enjoy relative peace
and justice, and may come to take it for granted. Other parts seem to
be plagued by armed conflict, crime, torture and exploitation, all of
which hinders their development. The goal of peace and justice is one
for all countries to strive towards. The Sustainable Development Goals
aim to reduce all forms of violence and propose that governments
and communities find lasting solutions to conflict and insecurity. That
means strengthening the rule of law, reducing the flow of illicit arms,
and bringing developing countries more into the center of institutions
of global governance.
STRENGTHEN THE MEANS OF
IMPLEMENTATION AND REVITALIZE THE
GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
The Sustainable Development Goals are pretty big to-do list, don’t you
think? In fact, it’s so big, you may just want to throw your hands up in the
air. “Forget it! Can’t be done! Why even try!” But we’ve got a lot going for
us. The world is more interconnected today than ever before, thanks to
the internet, travel and global institutions. There’s a growing consensus
about the need to work together to stop climate change. And the
Sustainable Development Goals are no small matter either. 193 countries
agreed on these goals. Pretty incredible, isn’t it? 193 countries agreeing
on anything? The final goal lays out a way for nations to work together to
achieve all the other Goals
Comments
Post a Comment